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UNelson Mandela wathabathela kuye umzabalazo. Useyinkokheli ekulweni iziphumo ezibangelwe lucalu-calulo ekwenza oko ngesibindi nomonde emva kokuchitha isithuba senkulungwane ezintathu entolongweni.
Ubomi bakhe babucala ubunikezele kwanobutsha bakhe esenzela uluntu, kwaye umi njengekhalipha eliphambili elaziwayo nelithandwayo eMzantsi Afrika.
UNelson Rolihlahla Mandela wazalelwa eMvezo ngaseMthatha, kumhlaba
waseTranseki, eMpuma Koloni ngomhla we18 kuJulayi ka1918. Emva
kokutshaba kukayise wakhuliswa kujongwe ekubeni angene ezihlangwini
zikayise njengenkosi yabaThembu. Amaphupha akhe ajolise ekubeni
abe ligqwetha.
Emva kokugqiba izifundo zakhe zamabanga aphantsi wathunyelwa eHealdtown
ukuba alandele ekhondweni lemfundo ephakamileyo apho waphumelela
khona ibanga leshumi. Wangenela izifundo zesidanga seBachelor of
Arts kwanokholeji. Kulapho wonyulwa ukuba amele abafundi kwikansile
yombutho wabo, nto leyo yaba sisizekabani sokugxothwa kwakhe ezibandakanye
kakhulu kumzabalazo wenkululeko.
Wasinga kwilizwe laseRhawutini apho wasebenza khona njengomabhalana
waqhubekeka ngezifundo zomthetho zeLLB. Ngonyaka ka1942 uzimanye
nombutho kaKhongolose i-African National Congress. Ngo 1944 kwazalwa
umbutho womzabalazo wolutsha i-African National Congress Youth
League. Abahlobo bakhe ababekunye naye bathabatheka ngokukhawuleza
ziimbono zikaMandela de bamonyula njengomongameli weANCYL ngo 1947.
Iinjongo zeANCYL zazijolise ekubeni bafumane amalungelo abo ngokuzeleyo
nanjengabemi belizwe abapheleleyo, kananjalo abemi bonke baseMzantsi
Afrika bamelwe epalamente, kwabiwe imihlaba ngokulinganayo, kwanemfundo
efanayo nokuhlonitshwa kweenkcubeko zabemi bonke belizwe. Lo mbutho
wagxininisa ekulweleni imfundo engahlawulelwayo kubantwana bonke
baseMzantsi Afrika.
Ngo 1952 ngethuba iANC imisela uKhankaso lokuziKhusela kwimithetho
yocalu-calulo wazinikela ekulukhokeleni. Waligqiba lonke ilizwe
elungiselela ekwakhuthaza impikiswano nemithetho yobandlululo.
Wabanjwa waze wanikwa isigwebo sokuba angaqhubekeki nalo msebenzi
wakhe. Wavalwa ekubeni alungiselele okanye azimase iindibano waze
wanikwa isibophelelo sokuba ahlale eRhawutini isithuba seenyanga
ezintandathu.
Emva kokwamkelwa njengegqwetha, wavula indawo yokusebenzela eRhawutini
esebenzisana noOliver Tambo. Ngo1952 wanikwa igunya lokuba enze
isicwangciso sequmrhu elilungiselelwe iANC. Sabizwa ngokuba yiM-Plan
eyathiywa ngaye. Wadlala indima enkulu ekwaziseni iFreedom Charter.
Ngesithuba seminyaka yama50 waguqukela ekulweleni uxhatshazo lwabasebenzi
nocalu-calulo lokungavulelwa kwabafundi eziyunivesiti.
Wahlukaniswa nentsapho yakhe, esuswa kwenye indawo esiwa kwenye
kwafuneka azimele kuzo zonke ezo ndlela wayefuna ukuzihamba.
Ngo1961, uMkhonto weSizwe, ongamaphiko omkhosi we-ANC wamiselewa
kwaye uMandela waba ngumlawuli wawo. Walishiya ilizwe lokuzalwa
wasabela kumazwe aphesheya ngokungekho semthethweni.
Ekubuyeleni kwakhe, uMandela wabanjwa wafakwa eluvalelweni. Ngethuba
ethothozela ityala lakhe eluvalelweni wagwetywa ngetyala leRivonia.
UMandela wagwetywa ubomi entolongweni waze wachitha iminyaka yakhe
yokubanjwa yokuqala kwintolongo yaseKapa ekuthiwa yiRobben Island
. Ngo1984 wafuduselwa ePollsmoor Prison ngoDisemba ka1988 wafuduselwa
kwintolongo iVictor Vester nalapho wathi wakhululwa ngephanyazo
ngoFebruwari ka1990.
UMandela akaguqu-guqukanga kubizo lwakhe lokukhokelela ilizwe
kwidemokrasi, ukulingana ekuhlaleni kwanangamalungelo, nemfundo
elinganayo. Emva kokukhululwa kwakhe wabanguMongameli wokuqala
omnyama eMzantsi Afrika.
Waphumelela -1993 Nobel peace prize (kunye noFW De Kerk) emele
bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika, ethubeni uye wanikezela ngobunkokheli
kuThabo Mbeki ngo1998.
Ukususela ngoko wachitha ixesha lakhe ekufuneni inkxaso yeChildren
Foundation kwaye ubeyinkokheli ekulweni isifo sikagawulayo nentsholongwane
yaso.
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